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美国学者包弼德的《斯文:唐宋思想的转型》,是一部能同时引起治唐宋思想史和文学史学者注意的著作。这本书的核心内容为描述唐宋思想生活中价值观基础的转变。作者没有采取一般思想史的写法,而是集中研究“士”阶层如何在改变“文”的过程中改变价值观。文学史视野被别致地融入思想史的表达中,唐宋之际的古文运动作为一场文学—思想运动,其意义也得到重新阐发。《斯文》对王安石、司马光、苏轼及程颐的文学和思想进行了独特而深入的研究。这本书的写法对文学史研究的启发是:一,文学史与思想史的学科界限可以打破;二,思想作为文学如何进入文学史;三,如何把握思想史和文学史之间的张力。
The American scholar Bao Bide’s “Svan: the transformation of Tang and Song thoughts” is a book that can simultaneously arouse the thought history of the Tang and Song Dynasties and the scholar of literature history. The core of this book is a shift in the foundation of values in Tang and Song dynasties. Instead of adopting the wording of a general history of ideas, the author focuses his study on how the class of “scholar” changes his values in the process of changing “Wen”. The horizon of literary history was chicaneously integrated into the expression of the history of ideas. As a literary-ideological movement, the ancient prose movement during the Tang and Song Dynasties also had its meaning re-elucidated. Sven conducted a unique and in-depth study of the literature and thoughts of Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Su Shi and Cheng Yi. The writing of this book is of inspiration to the study of literary history: First, the disciplinary boundaries between literary history and intellectual history can be broken; second, how ideology enters literary history as literature; and how to grasp the tension between the history of ideas and literary history.