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本文通过一维水力学运动方程及连续性方程,得出一个反映泻湖水位变化的二阶非线性有阻尼的强迫振动方程,采用龙格-库特四步格式进行求解,并以海南陵水新村港为例,计算了泻湖水位及潮汐汊道的断面流速.研究结果表明:(1)一维水力学方程可容易地求得泻湖-潮汐汊道体系中泻湖内的水位及汊道的断面流速,计算简单快捷.(2)一维水力学方程可分析潮汐汊道体系中的一些基本现象.如潮汐汊道对潮波的“过滤器”特征;由于泻湖-潮汐汊道体系的阻尼系数较大所导致的潮波自外向泻湖传播时衰减剧烈;径流对泻湖水位及汊道流速产生有利于落潮优势的影响;风可使泻湖水位抬升或下降等.(3)无论是否考虑泻湖与潮汐汊道面积随水位的变化,一维水力学方程都具有相当大的缺陷.由于其不能反映泻湖内地形的空间变化,也不能解决漫滩与归槽等过程,在外海潮波无次生波的情况下,它本身不能产生次生潮波,因而不能正确地反映潮汐汊道体系的涨落潮历时与流速不对称,从而不能分析泥沙的净输运及潮汐汊道的稳定性问题.(4)新村港泻湖-潮汐汊道体系中潮汐汊道的断面面积大小对整个体系的稳定性及演变趋势起着控制作用.
In this paper, we obtain a second-order nonlinear damped forced vibration equation that reflects the variation of lagoon water level by using the one-dimensional equations and continuity equations of hydraulics. The four-step Runge- As an example, the lagoon water level and section flow velocity of tidal channel were calculated.The results show that: (1) One-dimensional hydraulic equations can easily obtain the lagoon water level in lagoon-tidal channel system and the section flow velocity (2) The one-dimensional hydrodynamic equation can analyze some basic phenomena in the tidal system, such as the “filter” characteristic of the tidal channel to the tidal wave. Due to the damping of the lagoon-tidal system, When the coefficient is larger, the tidal wave declines drastically from the outward lagoon, and the runoff has an effect on the ebb dominance of lagoon water level and channel flow rate. The wind can raise or lower the lagoon water level, etc. (3) Regardless of whether the lagoon and Due to its inability to reflect the spatial variation of the terrain in the lagoon and the process of floodplain and trenching, the one-dimensional hydraulics equation has no defects , It can not generate secondary tidal waves by itself and therefore can not correctly reflect the tidal channel system tidal cycle and flow rate asymmetry, which can not analyze the net transport of sediment and the stability of tidal channel. (4) The size of the cross-section of the tidal stream in the Sinchon Lagoon Lagoon-Tidal Channel system plays a role in controlling the stability and evolution of the entire system.