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党的十一届三中全会后,全党工作重点转移到以经济建设为中心,社会急需大批专门人才。普通高校很难满足社会对人才的需求。1978年五届人大一次会议的政府工作报告指出:“我们必须打破常规去发现、培养和扶持各方面的优秀人才。”“我们要建立适当的考核制度,业余学习的人们经过考核,证明达到高等学校毕业生同等水平的,就应该在使用上同等对待。”为贯彻落实这一精神,原教育部于1980年12月向国务院提出《关于〈高等教育自学考试试行办法〉的报告》。1981年1月,国务院批准在京、津、沪、辽四省（市）先行试点。经过两年的试点,
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the whole party’s work has shifted its focus to economic construction as the center, and the community urgently needs a large number of specialized personnel. Ordinary colleges and universities is difficult to meet the social needs of talent. The report on the government work of the First Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress in 1978 pointed out: “We must break the routine to find, train and support outstanding talents in all fields.” "We should establish a proper examination system, and people who have taken part- In order to implement this spirit, the former Ministry of Education submitted to the State Council in December 1980 a Report on the Trial Measures for Self-study Examination of Higher Education. January 1981, the State Council approved in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Liaoning provinces (cities) first pilot. After two years of pilot,