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关于汉语语法有两种截然不同的观点:一种认为汉语语法是有规律的,并说这种规律是固定的;另一种认为汉语语法非常灵活,无规律可循。本文认为语法既有规律性,又有灵活性,二者是辩证的:规律性是静态的,相对固定的;灵活性是动态的,绝对变动的。所谓“语法知识”,应该包括规律性和灵活性这两个方面。本文通过举例说明研究语法既要研究语法的一般规律,又要研究动态使用中语法现象的灵活性。
There are two totally different views on Chinese grammar: one is that Chinese grammar is regular, and that the law is fixed; the other is that Chinese grammar is very flexible and has no rules to follow. This paper holds that grammar has both regularity and flexibility. Both of them are dialectical: regularity is static and relatively fixed; flexibility is dynamic and absolute change. The so-called “grammatical knowledge” should include both regularity and flexibility. By illustrating the research grammar, this paper not only studies the general law of grammar, but also studies the flexibility of the grammatical phenomenon in dynamic use.