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科斯认为,企业的存在是因为通过企业内部一定的制度安排产生的交易费用(或交易成本)低于通过市场安排产生的交易费用。据此理论,降低交易费用就是企业的生存之道,是企业的效率所在。张五常在对科斯理论的解释中,将交易费用概括为寻找信息、(合同)谈判和履行合同的总成本。这三类成本几乎涵盖了企业的所有行为。因此,在科斯开创的、张五常和威廉姆森发扬的新制度经济学的企
Coase argues that firms exist because the transaction costs (or transaction costs) incurred through certain institutional arrangements within the firm are lower than the transaction costs incurred through market arrangements. According to this theory, reducing transaction costs is the way for an enterprise to survive and the efficiency of an enterprise. In his explanation of Coase’s theory, Zhang Wuchang summarized transaction costs as the total cost of finding information, negotiating (negotiating) contracts, and fulfilling contracts. These three types of costs cover almost all the behavior of the enterprise. Therefore, the pioneer in Coase, Zhang Wuchang and Williamson carry forward the new institutional economics