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目的了解佛山市居民对登革热基本知识、传播途径、预防措施等知识掌握情况,为进一步完善登革热宣传策略提供依据。方法以佛山市范围内拥有佛山市电信号码(固定电话、手机)、年龄在15~69岁且听力正常、能够正常沟通的常住居民作为调查对象,采用电话问卷调查方法获得信息。结果共拨通电话5 156个,有效应答2 125个,有效应答率为41.21%。80.66%(1 714/2 125)的调查对象听说过登革热,不同年龄、不同居住时间、不同文化程度居民对登革热的知晓率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。1 714名知晓登革热的调查对象中,知道登革热主要症状者占75.96%(1 302/1 714)。对消除积水、烧蚊香、装防蚊纱窗或挂蚊帐、水生植物定期换水等防蚊灭蚊方法知晓的分别占52.28%(896/1 714)、25.15%(431/1 714)、17.74%(304/1 714)、13.42%(230/1 714)。假如感染登革热后首选大医院就诊的占77.42%(1 327/1 714),首选到社区医院就诊的占17.39%(298/1 714)。半年内接触到有关登革热宣传知识的1 215人,占70.89%,其获取途径主要为电视、海报或宣传栏、宣传折页,分别占接触到宣传知识总人数的47.24%(574/1 215)、37.45%(455/1 215)、28.97%(352/1 215)。结论佛山市居民对登革热防控知识知晓率不高,且存在年龄、居住时间、文化程度的差异,因此开展健康教育和卫生知识宣传工作应结合不同人群的特点通过多种途径同时进行。
Objective To understand the knowledge of Deng’s inhabitants about the basic knowledge, route of transmission and precautionary measures of dengue fever among residents in Foshan City, so as to provide basis for further improving the publicity strategy of dengue fever. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted by taking the telephone number of Foshan City (fixed telephone and mobile phone), residents aged 15-69 years with normal hearing and normal communication in Foshan as the survey subjects. As a result, a total of 5 156 dialed calls were received, with 2,122 valid responses, with an effective response rate of 41.21%. 80.66% (1 714/2125) of the respondents heard of dengue fever, different ages, different living time, residents of different cultural levels of awareness of dengue fever were statistically significant differences (all P <0.01). Of the 714 respondents who reported dengue, 75.96% (1 302/1 714) knew the major symptoms of dengue fever. 52.28% (896/1 714), 25.15% (431/1 714), 17.74 (45.9%) were aware of the anti-mosquito and mosquito control measures such as eliminating stagnant water, burning mosquito coils, installing mosquito screens or hanging mosquito nets, % (304/1 714), 13.42% (230/1 714). In the case of dengue fever, 77.42% (1 327/1 714) of the patients preferred for large hospitals and 17.39% (298/1 714) preferred to visit community hospitals. In the first half year, there were 1 215 people who were exposed to dengue publicity knowledge, accounting for 70.89% of the total. The access was mainly to televisions, posters or bulletin boards, and promotion of leaflets, accounting for 47.24% (574/1 215) of the total number of people who had knowledge of dengue. , 37.45% (455/1 215), 28.97% (352/1 215). Conclusion The awareness of prevention and control of dengue fever among residents in Foshan City is not high, and there are differences in age, living time and education level. Therefore, health education and publicity of health knowledge should be carried out in various ways according to the characteristics of different groups of people.