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AIM: To investigate the immunoenhancing activity of ginsenoside-F3 in murine spleen cells and explore its mechanism.METHODS: The enhancing effect of ginsenoside-F3 on murine spleen cell proliferation was studied using [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. Effects of ginsenoside-F3 on the production of type 1 cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ, and type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 from murine spleen cells were detected by ELISA method. Effects of ginsenosideF3 on mRNA level of cytokines IL-4, IFN-γ, and transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 were evaluated by RTPCR analysis. Effect of ginsenoside-F3 on NF-κB DNA binding activity in murine spleen cells was investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). RESULTS: Ginsenoside-F3 at 0.1-100μmol/L not only promoted the murine spleen cell proliferation, but also increased the production of IL-2 and IFN-γ, while decreased the production of IL-4 and IL-10 from murine spleen cells with the maximal effect at 10μmol/L. RT-PCR analysis displayed that ginsenoside-F3 enhanced the IFN-γ and T-bet gene expression and decreased IL-4 and GATA-3 gene expression. EMSA experiment showed that ginsenoside-F3 10μmol/L enhanced the NF-κB DNA binding activity induced by ConA in murine spleen cells. CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside-F3 has immunoenhancing activity by regulating production and gene expression of type 1 cytokines and type 2 cytokines in murine spleen cells.