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目的分析广州市越秀区居民奶及奶制品摄入情况及其影响因素,为越秀区进一步开展居民营养膳食方面的健康教育、健康干预工作提供基线数据和依据。方法分别利用分层随机整群抽样和方便抽样的方法对越秀区社区居民和娱乐场所消费人群进行问卷调查,调查内容包括个人一般情况、过去1个月里是否摄入奶及奶制品、摄入奶及奶制品类型和频率、平均每次饮用量等内容。采用描述流行病学方法对结果进行分析,并对调查对象的奶及奶制品摄入影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果调查社区住户人群和娱乐场所消费人群共985人,男性453人(占46.0%),女性532人(占54.0%)。以30~44岁(占26.6%)、汉族(占98.4%)、人均年收入≥40 000元(占22.4%)为主。奶及奶制品摄入率为71.1%(700/985)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=2.027)、人均年收入≥40 000元人群(OR=2.019)奶及奶制品摄入可能性较高,15~29岁(OR=0.302)、30~44岁(OR=0.217)、45~59岁(OR=0.160)和60~69岁(OR=0.097)摄入的可能性较低。奶及奶制品摄入人群中,摄入频率每周≥6次者占49.0%(343/700),日均奶及奶制品摄入量不足300 g的占82.4%(577/700)。结论越秀区城区居民奶及奶制品总体摄入率较高,但老年人群摄入率低,总体摄入量不足。应加强奶及奶制品作用及摄入量等知识的健康教育,从而改善居民的饮食习惯。
Objective To analyze the intake of milk and milk products and its influencing factors in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City to provide baseline data and basis for further health education and health intervention in residents’ diet in Yuexiu District. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling and convenient sampling were used to survey the residents and entertainment groups in Yuexiu District. The survey included the general situation of individuals, whether milk and milk products were ingested in the past 1 month, Milk and milk product type and frequency, the average amount of each drink and so on. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the results, and single and multi-factor analysis was conducted on the influencing factors of milk and milk product intake of the surveyed subjects. Results A total of 985 residents, 453 males (46.0%) and 532 females (54.0%) were surveyed in community residents and entertainment venues. They are mainly composed of 30 to 44 years old (26.6%), Han (98.4%) and annual per capita income of 40,000 yuan (22.4%). The intake of milk and dairy products was 71.1% (700/985). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the intake of milk and milk products was significantly higher in women (OR = 2.027) and the average annual income of more than 40 000 yuan (OR = 2.019), 15 to 29 years old (OR = 0.302), 30 The odds of up to 44 years (OR = 0.217), 45 to 59 years (OR = 0.160), and 60 to 69 years (OR = 0.097) were less likely. Among those who consumed milk and dairy products, the frequency of intake was 49.0% (343/700) more than 6 times a week, while the average daily intake of milk and dairy products was less than 300 g (82.4% (577/700)). Conclusion The overall intake rate of milk and dairy products in urban areas of Yuexiu District is high, but the intake rate in the elderly is low and the overall intake is not enough. Health education should be strengthened, such as the role of milk and milk products and their intake, so as to improve residents’ eating habits.