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关于公平感对人们行为影响的系列实验和现实中一些集体行动现象,为把公平相容约束条件引入到集体行动问题研究中提供了依据。本文在对相关研究进行评论的基础上所作的分析表明,在引入公平相容约束来解释集体行动现象时,构建的理论分析框架需体现以下三点思想:(1)异质性假设是有局限的,当个体异质性程度很小时,同质性假设是不可避免的;(2)在公平相容硬约束下,必须以每个个体作为基本的分析单位,而不能把一群个体抽象为一个个体;(3)个体的公平感是异质的,且人们追求公平只是相对的,致使集体行动中公平相容硬约束软化,公平感只是在一定程度上或一定条件下才会真实地影响人们的经济行为。
A series of experiments on the effect of fairness on people’s behavior and some phenomena of collective action in reality provide the basis for introducing the principle of fairness and compatibility into the study of collective action. The analysis based on the review of relevant studies shows that the theoretical analysis framework to be constructed when introducing the principle of fair and compatible constraints to explain collective action needs to reflect the following three points: (1) the heterogeneous hypothesis is limited , Homogeneity assumption is unavoidable when the level of individual heterogeneity is very small; (2) under the condition of fairness and hardship, each individual must be taken as the basic unit of analysis, and can not be abstracted as a group of individuals Individual; (3) individual’s sense of fairness is heterogeneous, and people’s pursuit of fairness is only relative, resulting in a fair and inclusive collective action to soften the bound, the sense of fairness only to some extent or under certain conditions will truly affect people Economic behavior.