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目的调查北京高校乙肝疫苗服务现状与本科新生接种服务需求。方法在海淀区分层抽取10所为新生接种乙肝疫苗的高校,通过接种医生面对面访谈,调查供方服务现状;在访谈高校中选取2所,采用分层等比例抽样法抽取2012级本科新生共1 626名,通过填写封闭式问卷调查需方接种需求,共回收问卷1 614份(回收率99.26%),得到合格问卷1 591份。结果 10所学校均采用自费、集体接种的方式,首剂接种主要通过辅导员通知(7所),通过短信通知的仅有1所,后续接种主要通过短信提醒(6所);调查学生中85.54%(1 361/1 591)回忆接种过乙肝疫苗,但有11.44%(182/1 591)未完成全程接种,有58.01%(923/1 591)不清楚自己接种了几剂,均需要补种乙肝疫苗。需补种的人中,90.41%(1 207/1 335)愿意接种乙肝疫苗。如医院通知疫苗接种或全程提醒,65.69%(877/1 335)的学生选择短信通知,56.33%(752/1 335)的学生选择辅导员通知,80.45%(1 074/1 335)的学生选择短信提醒后续接种。结论北京市高校为学生提供乙肝疫苗集体接种,学生对补种疫苗的接受度高,但校医院的接种服务尚未与学生需求完全同步,需进一步探索接种服务模式。
Objective To investigate the status quo of hepatitis B vaccine service in Beijing universities and the demand for inoculation services for undergraduates. Methods Totally 10 colleges and universities were recruited as neonates to inoculate hepatitis B vaccine in Haidian district, interviewed by vaccination doctors to investigate the status quo of service providers. Two interviews were made with colleges and universities, and stratified proportional sampling method was used to collect 2012 undergraduate freshmen A total of 1 626 respondents were asked to fill in the demand-side vaccination by completing a closed questionnaire. A total of 1 614 questionnaires (recovery rate 99.26%) were recovered and 1 591 qualified questionnaires were obtained. Results All the 10 schools adopted self-payment and group inoculation methods. The first dose of the first dose was informed by counselors (7), only 1 by SMS, followed by text message (6), and the remaining 85.54 % (1 361/1 591) recalled hepatitis B vaccination, but 11.44% (182/1 591) did not complete the whole course of vaccination. 58.01% (923/1 591) did not know that they had received a few doses of vaccination, Hepatitis B vaccine. 90.41% (1 207/1 335) of those who need to replant are willing to vaccinate against hepatitis B vaccine. If the hospital informed of vaccination or reminder, 65.69% (877/1 335) of students choose SMS notification, 56.33% (752/1 335) of students choose counselors notice, 80.45% (1074/135) of students choose SMS remind follow-up vaccination. Conclusion The universities in Beijing provide hepatitis B vaccine for students in general and students have high acceptance of vaccines. However, the vaccination services at the school hospitals have not yet fully synchronized with the needs of students, and the inoculation service mode needs to be further explored.