论文部分内容阅读
目的:分析2009—2019年祥云县流行性出血热流行特征，为本县流行性出血热的防控提供理论依据。方法:收集2009—2019年祥云县流行性出血热疫情资料，用Excel 2007建立数据库，用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行统计学分析，应用描述流行病学方法对疾病的三间分布及影响因素进行分析。结果:祥云县2009—2019年累计报告病例744例，发病率最低为2011年0.11/万，最高为2014年3.49/万，发病总体呈现上升趋势。11年间累计死亡3例，病死率为0.40%；全县11个乡镇均有病例报告，其中云南驿镇和祥城镇报告病例307例，占病例总数的41.26%，发病数较少的2个乡镇是鹿鸣乡和东山乡，仅占2.28%；发病高峰期为4—6月份；发病年龄以35岁及以上青壮年为主，男性多于女性，农民发病比例最高；11年来鼠密度监测显示野外为2.24%，家鼠为4.31%，综合鼠密度为3.28%，其中2019年综合鼠密度高达6.97%。结论:祥云县流行性出血热发病数呈现上升趋势，报告病例集中在云南驿镇和祥城镇，人群分布以青壮年、男性、农民为主。在疫情防控过程中，应防止个别乡镇暴发流行的可能，在疫源地应大力开展灭鼠等爱国卫生运动，提高群众防病意识。“,”Objective:To analyze the epidemiological features of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Xiangyun county from 2009 to 2019, so as to provide evidences for the control and prevention of EHF of Xiangyun.Methods:The data of EHF epidemics in Xiangyun county from 2009 to 2019 were collected. A database with Excel 2007 was established and SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze data. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the spatial, temporal and population distributions of disease as well as influencing factors.Results:From 2009 to 2019, totally 744 cases of EHF were reported in Xiangyun. The lowest incidence rate was 0.11/10,000 in 2011 and the highest was 3.49/10,000 in 2014. The overall trend of incidence was elevating. There were totally 3 mortality cases during the 11 years with a mortality rate of 0.40%. There were cases reported from all 11 towns around the Xiangyun, including 307 cases in Yunnanyi town and Xiangcheng town, accounting for 41.26% of all cases. The cases were few in Luming town and Dongshan town, accountinf for only 2.28%. The incidence peak was from April to June. The patients were mainly young adults 35 years old and above and male patients were more than female. The occupation with the highest incidence was farmers. Field and indoor density of rats were 2.24% and 4.31%, respectively. The overall density of rat was 3.28% and reached as high as 6.97% in 2019.Conclusions:The trend of incidence of EHF was elevating in Xiangyun county. The cases were mainly reported in Yunnanyi town and Xiangcheng town. The population distribution was characterized by young adults, peasants, male patients. In the prevention and control of EHF, possible EHF outbreak in some towns should be concerned. Patriotic health campaign, including deratization should be enhanced in epidemic focus of EHF and to improve people’s awareness of disease prevention.