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目的:分析浙江省消除麻疹工作的进展,发现问题并探索策略与措施。方法:通过历史资料收集、麻疹疫情分析与调查,采用SWOT(优势、劣势、机会和威胁)分析技术对浙江省消除麻疹工作进行综合评价,并建立SWOT分析矩阵。结果:通过实施扩大免疫规划,并连续开展强化免疫和查漏补种活动,浙江省麻疹发病率达到了1951年麻疹疫情报告以来的最低水平。但成人等非免疫规划对象的发病增加了浙江省消除麻疹难度,医院内感染传播已成为小年龄组发病的主要场所,流动人口等也给消除麻疹工作提出了挑战。结论:应建立多部门协作的消除麻疹工作机制,将初三学生麻疹疫苗接种纳入到常规工作,同时开展健康教育和加强院内感染控制,不断提高基层公共卫生服务体系建设,以努力达到消除麻疹目标。
Objective: To analyze the progress of eliminating measles in Zhejiang Province, discover the problems and explore strategies and measures. Methods: Through historical data collection, measles epidemic situation analysis and investigation, using SWOT (Advantage, Disadvantage, Opportunity and Threat) analysis technology to comprehensively evaluate the elimination of measles in Zhejiang Province and establish the SWOT analysis matrix. Results: The incidence of measles in Zhejiang reached the lowest level since the report of the measles epidemic in 1951 through the implementation of the expanded immunization program and the continuous intensification of immunization and leak detection. However, the incidence of nonimmunized targets such as adults has increased the difficulty of eliminating measles in Zhejiang Province. The spread of infection in hospitals has become the main site for the onset of minor age groups. Floating population and other issues have also challenged the elimination of measles. Conclusions: A multi-sectoral collaboration on measles elimination should be set up to include third-year measles vaccine in routine work, health education and nosocomial infection control should be established at the same time, and the construction of grassroots public health service system should be continuously improved in an effort to eliminate the measles target .