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目的了解中山市疑似预防接种异常反应(以下简称AEFI)的发生情况,为疫苗可预防的疾病防治工作提供科学依据。方法从广东省和中山市疑似预防接种异常反应监测系统收集数据,根据发生原因将其分为一般反应、异常反应、事故、偶合症、心因性反应和不明原因反应,并进行统计分析。结果中山市2007年开展预防接种的疫苗有16种,其中有14种发生AEFI;共接种疫苗1 645 052剂次,报告AEFI病例364例,报告发生率为22.13/10万。其中一般反应、异常反应的发生率分别为20.79/10万和1.34/10万,无其他类型AEFI病例及死亡病例。病例中除了1例年龄为16岁外,其余病例均为0～7岁儿童,其中0～3岁儿童占92.86%(338例);男性223例,女性141例,男、女性别比为1.58∶1。14类疫苗中23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗和百白破联合疫苗的疑似预防接种异常反应发生较高,分别为145.62/10万和83.79/10万。结论中山市2007年使用的疫苗安全性相对较高,应进一步规范AEFI报告管理和尽早完善预防接种异常反应的管理和补偿运行机制,可提高群众对免疫规划工作的信心,从而提高儿童免疫接种率。
Objective To understand the occurrence of suspected abnormal immunization (AEFI) in Zhongshan and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of vaccine-preventable diseases. Methods The data were collected from the surveillance system of suspected immunization in Guangdong and Zhongshan, and classified into general reactions, abnormal reactions, accidents, complications, psychogenic reactions and unexplained reactions according to the cause of occurrence, and statistical analysis was made. Results There were 16 vaccines vaccinated in Zhongshan City in 2007 and 14 of them were AEFI vaccines. A total of 1 645 052 vaccinations were given, 364 AEFI cases were reported, and the reported incidence was 22.13 / 100,000. Among them, the incidences of general reaction and abnormal reaction were 20.79 / lakh and 1.34 / lakh, respectively. There were no other AEFI cases and no deaths. In addition to a case of age 16 years, the remaining cases were 0 to 7 years old children, of which 0 to 3 years old accounted for 92.86% (338 cases); 223 cases of male and 141 females, male and female ratio was 1.58 : 1.14 vaccines 23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and diphtheria combination vaccine suspected vaccination abnormal response were higher, respectively 145.62 / 100000 and 83.79 / 100,000. Conclusion The vaccines used in Zhongshan City in 2007 are relatively safe and should be further standardized AEFI report management and improve the operation and compensation mechanism of vaccination anomalous response as soon as possible, which can increase people’s confidence in the immunization planning work and improve the immunization coverage of children .