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一缘起一般认为,伊丽莎白时期英国(1558—1603)的视觉艺术远远落后于同时期的欧洲大陆,尤其是意大利。当时英国取得最显著成就的艺术部门是微型画(miniature painting)。微型画16—17世纪时亦称limning(绘画),根据《不列颠百科全书》的定义,是“小型、精描细绘的肖像画,画在羊皮纸(vellum)、特制卡片、铜板或象牙上。名称出自‘铅丹’(minium)一词,为中世纪手抄本装饰画家所习用。后与徽章画(medal)的传统混合,
From the very beginning, it is generally believed that the visual arts in the Elizabethan period of Britain (1558-1603) lag far behind those of the same continent of Europe, especially Italy. The art department that made the most remarkable achievement at the time was the miniature painting. Also known as the 16th-17th Century miniature painting (painting), according to the definition of ”Encyclopedia Britannica“, is ”small, finely detailed portraits painted in parchment (vellum), special cards, copper or ivory The name is derived from the word ’minium’ and is used by medieval manuscript painters, followed by traditional medal blending,