国外水稻高蛋白育种概况

• 作 者: 薛德榕
• 机 构: 广东农林学院,
• 出 处: 广东农业科学
• 发表日期: 1975年03期
• 关键词: 蛋白质含量 稻米生产 辐射诱变 稻谷产量 杂交后代 环境条件 突变系 高赖氨酸 麦谷蛋白 蛋白质总量

当前,世界稻米生产的首要问题,仍然以提高单位面积产量为主。但自60年代中期以来,国外对改进稻米品质尤其是提高蛋白质含量,颇为重视。稻米蛋白质含量一般为5-8％左右,较小麦、玉米等谷物为低。近10年来,通过杂交育种、辐射诱变以及其他筛选方法,稻米蛋白质及其赖氨酸含量,均有所提高。稻米蛋白质含量变动甚大,而且受环境条件影响,比受遗传变异的影响还显著。一般籼稻蛋白质含量略高于粳稻,陆稻也往往高于水

At present, the primary issue of the world’s rice production is still dominated by the improvement of output per unit area. However, since the mid-1960s, foreign countries attach great importance to improving the quality of rice, especially increasing the protein content. The protein content of rice is generally about 5-8%, lower than wheat, corn and other grains. In the past 10 years, the content of rice protein and its lysine has been increased through hybrid breeding, radiation mutagenesis and other screening methods. The protein content of rice varies greatly, and it is also significantly affected by environmental conditions than by genetic variation. General indica rice protein content slightly higher than japonica rice, land rice is often higher than water