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利用二倍体栽培种(S. phureja)“授粉者”(ⅣP35)诱导马铃著极早熟品种东农303 2n卵孤雌生殖获得四倍体无性繁殖系20余份。根据著肉、薯肉色的分离比例确定为第2次分裂重组核(SDR)的2n卵。此外,块茎芽眼的深浅、花粉育性和匍匐枝的长度等也有明显的性状分离。无性系PT_(3-3)、PT_(3-5)、PT_(3-6)和PT_(4-5)的花粉育性良好并产生自交实生种子以及不同无性系间的杂种实生种子。无性系PT_(3-3)和PT_(3-5)等具有一些优于亲本东农303的经济性状,如芽眼浅,薯形圆整,单株块茎产量较高。因此,由雄性不育的早期品种2n卵(SDR)孤雌生殖产生的四倍体无性系可作为选育早熟新品种的育种材料。
The tetraploid clones were obtained from parthenogenetics of the very early maturing cultivar Dongnong 303 2n by using pollinator (Ⅳ P35) of S. phureja. According to the separation ratio of meat and potato flesh, 2n eggs of the second split recombinant nuclear (SDR) were identified. In addition, the tuber bud eye depth, pollen fertility and the length of stolons also have significant trait separation. The pollen fertility of clones PT_ (3-3), PT_ (3-5), PT_ (3-6) and PT_ (4-5) was good and hybrid self-produced seeds and hybrid seed between different clones were produced. The clones PT_ (3-3) and PT_ (3-5) had some economic traits that were better than the parent Dongnong303, such as shallow eyes, round potato tuber and higher tubers yield per plant. Therefore, tetraploid clones derived from the parthenogenesis of the male sterile 2n eggs (SDR) can be used as the breeding material for the breeding of the precocious new varieties.