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英语等很多语言中后元音的前两个共振峰相距小于临界距离3.5bark,它们在语音知觉意义上等价于一个共振峰,这个现象被称为谱综合.谱综合后的谱峰与其语音性质之间有更直接的对应关系,是判断语音性质的重要依据.汉语单元音/γ/是后元音,但是其前两个共振峰相距通常大于临界距离,那么,汉语元音/γ/的知觉线索是什么?其前两个共振峰知觉上是否发生了谱综合?文中开展了一系列辨识实验和评价实验,研究两谱峰的距离、谱形状和相对幅度对/γ/的语音性质的影响.结果显示,当前两个共振峰相距大于临界距离时,只要呈现双峰形谱形状,就被知觉为/γ/;当两峰相距在临界距离附近时,显著的两峰形才能被知觉为/γ/,梯形和单峰形都不能被知觉/γ/;当第二峰高于第一峰10dB以后,不被知觉为/γ/,且发生谱综合,相反,若第一峰与第二峰相对幅度在?5～20dB,则被知觉为/γ/,且不会发生谱综合,就是说,谱综合现象关于两峰相对幅度是不对称的.总之,汉语单元音/γ/虽然是后元音,但是其知觉中并没有在前两个共振峰上出现谱综合现象./γ/音色需要两个分开的共振峰.这与西方语言的后元音和汉语其他后元音是不同的.
The first two formant in English and many other languages are less than the critical distance of 3.5bark, which is equivalent to a formant in the sense of speech perception, a phenomenon known as spectrum synthesis. There is a more direct correspondence between properties and is an important basis for judging the phonetic properties.Chinese vowel / γ / is a vowel, but the first two formant spacing is usually greater than the critical distance, then the Chinese vowel / γ / What are the perceptual cues of the first two formants and whether there has been a spectral synthesis? In this paper, a series of identification experiments and evaluation experiments were conducted to study the phonological properties of / γ / for the distance, spectral shape and relative amplitude of the two spectral peaks The results show that when the two resonance peaks are far away from the critical distance, the two peaks are perceived as / γ / 2 as long as the shape of the bimodal spectrum appears. When the two peaks are close to the critical distance, the significant two-peak shape can be Perceptual / γ /, trapezoid and unimodal can not be perceived / γ /; When the second peak is higher than the first peak 10dB, not perceived as / γ /, and the occurrence of spectral synthesis, on the contrary, if the first peak And the second peak relative amplitude of? 5 ~ 20dB, is perceived as / γ /, In other words, the spectral synthesis phenomenon is not symmetrical about the relative amplitudes of the two peaks. In conclusion, although the Chinese phonetic / γ / is a backward vowel, its perception does not appear in the first two formants Spectral synthesis ./γ/ Tone requires two separate formants, which is different from the back vowels in Western languages and other back vowels in Chinese.