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Minimally invasive approach for primary total hip arthroplasty ( THA ), including direct anterior approach ( DAA ) and Super-Path approach, has become popular with orthopaedic community. Theoretically there is no damage to the muscles through anterior intermuscular space approach. The main advantages are minimally invasive procedures, avoidance of the risk of hip dislocation via the posterior approach and acceleration of the course of convalescence. The precision of techniques in primary total knee arthroplasty ( TKA ) has been focused on by scholars. In order to improve the accuracy of operation and clinical outcomes, new navigation technology and computer-assisted TKA have been implemented. Bone stock reconstruction in THA and TKA revision surgery is one of the biggest challenges for surgeons. Femoral and acetabular prostheses are usually uncemented in THA revision surgery. Currently, with the development of materialogy, the problem of serious bone loss in THA and TKA revision surgery has been solved with the appearance of acetabular prostheses made of porous materials ( also called coating technology of the 2nd generation ) and metal blocks. As for the reconstruction of ligament imbalance, semiconstrained prostheses or fully constrained prostheses can be chosen. If fully constrained prostheses are used, the prostheses designed on the rotation platform are preferred. To acquire satisfactory clinical outcomes in hip and knee arthroplasty, the surgeons should pay attention to not only surgical results, but also feelings of postoperative patients and functional rehabilitation.