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纤维增强复合材料的热导率有方向性,如碳、石墨纤维增强复合材料,沿纤维方向比垂直纤维方向的热导率大得多。以树脂为基体的复合材料,沿垂直铺层方向的热导率往往很小,是一种良好的隔热保温材料,因而在火箭,导弹、航天飞机方面得到广泛应用。纤维增强复合材料的热导率不仅与纤维和基体的热导率有关,还与纤维的排列及方向有关。本文从理论上得出纤维增强复合材料各方向热导率的估算公式,并与试验结果进行了比较,理论计算值与实测值较符合。
The thermal conductivity of fiber-reinforced composites is directional, such as carbon and graphite fiber reinforced composites, with much greater thermal conductivity in the fiber direction than in the perpendicular fiber. Resin-based composite materials, along the vertical direction of the thermal conductivity is often very small, is a good thermal insulation materials, and therefore in rockets, missiles, space shuttle has been widely used. The thermal conductivity of fiber-reinforced composites is not only related to the thermal conductivity of fiber and matrix, but also to the arrangement and orientation of fibers. In this paper, the formula of thermal conductivity of fiber reinforced composites in various directions is obtained theoretically and compared with the experimental results. The calculated values are in good agreement with the measured values.