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第四纪红色粘土母质发育起来的黄壤性水稻土,二十多年来大量施用磷肥,磷在耕层富集。耕层全磷含量平均0.048%,有效磷含量平均11.6 ppm,分别比底土层高1.7倍和7.5倍,比荒地表层高2.1倍和28.4倍。黄壤性水稻土无机磷形态为混合分布型,Al-P、Fe-P、Ca-P、O-P分别占无机磷总量的5.9%,30.6%,28.7%和34.8%。小麦、水稻分蘖期测定的A值与产量和植株吸磷量相关,能表示土壤磷素有效性的高低。A值与土壤Fe-P和Ca-P相关,表明这两种磷酸盐是稻麦的主要磷源。Olsen法可作为测定黄壤性水稻士有效磷含量的标准方法。
Quaternary red clay parent material developed yellow soil paddy soil, more than two decades of large-scale use of phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus enrichment in the topsoil. The total phosphorus content in tillage layer was 0.048% on average, and the available phosphorus content was 11.6 ppm on average, 1.7 and 7.5 times higher than that in the bottom soil layer, 2.1 and 28.4 times higher than the surface layer of the wasteland. The inorganic phosphorus forms of yellow paddy soil were mixed distribution, and the content of Al-P, Fe-P, Ca-P and O-P accounted for 5.9%, 30.6%, 28.7% and 34.8% of the total amount of inorganic phosphorus respectively. The value of A determined at the tillering stage of wheat and rice is related to the yield and phosphorus uptake of the plant and can indicate the availability of soil phosphorus. The value of A correlates with soil Fe-P and Ca-P, indicating that these two phosphates are the major phosphorus sources for rice and wheat. The Olsen method can be used as a standard method for determination of available P in yellow-paddy rice.