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我国农业历史悠久,早在远古时代,陆地森林植被约占70%左右,总面积为76亿公顷,森林生物总量达1648×10~9吨,占陆地生态系统生物总量的90%以上.这时的原始生态农业(Eco—agriculture)阶段,农林处在相互依存、相互制约的生态系统中,农业生产比较稳定.耕垦出现后,原始农业发展到经验农业阶段,为扩大耕种面积,平原森林大量毁于农田,随着森林植波的消失,平原出现大量极不稳定的人工生态系统,风沙旱涝等自然灾害频繁地冲击着这些脆弱的农田生态系统,而且愈垦愈烈.早在二千多年前,我国学者就不断呼吁,平原林业的毁灭,会带来大自然报复的危害,但因人口增长的压力和社会的发展,无法使平原林业得到恢复,直至近十多年来,随着生态学的迅速发展,人们对生态平衡的认识和国内外实现现代农业带来的教训,才逐渐认识到平原造林在建设生态农业中的重要地位,及在增强农田生态系统稳定性和抗逆性方面的重要作用.至此,人们在漫长的历史过程中,把林业和农业的关系,划分为森林主宰人类(即
As agriculture has a long history in our country, as early as ancient times, land forest vegetation accounted for about 70% with a total area of 7.6 billion hectares. The total forest biomass reached 1648 × 10 ~ 9 tons, accounting for more than 90% of the total biological amount of terrestrial ecosystems. At this stage of the primitive eco-agriculture stage, agriculture and forestry are in an interdependent and mutually constrained ecosystem and agricultural production is relatively stable. After the emergence of cultivation, the primitive agriculture has developed into an experienced agricultural stage. In order to expand the cultivated area, A large number of forests have been destroyed by farmland. With the disappearance of forest planting waves, a large number of extremely unstable artificial ecosystems have emerged in the plains. Natural disasters such as wind-blown droughts and floods have frequently hit these fragile farmland ecosystems and intensified their cultivation. More than two thousand years ago, scholars in our country constantly called for the destruction of the plain forestry to bring harm to nature’s retaliation. However, due to the pressure of population growth and social development, the restoration of forestry in the plain could not be restored until the past decade or so With the rapid development of ecology, people’s understanding of ecological balance and the lessons brought by the realization of modern agriculture both at home and abroad have come to realize the importance of afforestation in afforestation in the construction of ecological agriculture. Strong agroecosystem stability and resilience important role so far, people in the long course of history, the relationship between forestry and agriculture is divided into forest dominated human (ie