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目的分析不同年龄段心肌梗死患者的临床特点。方法选取2014年10月—2015年12月苏州市吴江区第一人民医院收治的心肌梗死患者149例,根据年龄分为A组33例(年龄55~64岁)、B组46例(年龄65~74岁)、C组45例(年龄75~84岁)、D组25例(年龄≥85岁)。比较4组患者临床表现、既往病史、诱因。结果 4组患者无症状者所占比例及持续胸痛、持续上腹痛、大汗、气促、放射痛发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4组患者持续后背痛、胸闷发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4组患者高脂血症、高血压及2型糖尿病病史阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4组患者诱因为体力劳动、不良生活方式、天气或环境突变、抽烟酗酒、手术或创伤者所占比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4组患者诱因为情绪激动者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同年龄段心肌梗死患者临床特点各异,应充分考虑患者年龄因素,进行有针对性的个体化干预。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of myocardial infarction patients of different ages. Methods A total of 149 patients with myocardial infarction were enrolled in the First People’s Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou from October 2014 to December 2015. According to the age, 33 patients (aged 55-64 years) in group A, 46 patients in group B (age 65 ~ 74 years old), C group 45 cases (75-84 years old), D group 25 cases (≥85 years old). The clinical manifestations, past medical history and causes of the patients in the four groups were compared. Results The incidence of asymptomatic and persistent chest pain in 4 groups was significantly higher than that in continuous chest pain, hyperkalemia, shortness of breath, and radiating pain (P <0.05) The incidence was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The positive rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the 4 groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The causes of physical inactivity, unhealthy lifestyles, sudden changes in weather or environment, smoking, alcohol abuse, surgery or trauma in the 4 groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The inducement of the 4 groups of patients was emotionally-agitated There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions The clinical features of patients with myocardial infarction at different ages are different, and the individualized intervention should be given full consideration of patients’ age.