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为构建适合河口县老范寨乡山地香蕉的测土配方施肥指标体系,为香蕉生产提供科学合理的施肥措施,本试验采用“3414”田间肥效试验方案,对香蕉氮、磷、钾施肥效应进行了研究。试验结果表明,处理10(N_2P_2K_3)的折合产量最高,为39.75 t/hm~2;其次分别为处理7(N_2P_3K_2)、处理6(N_2P_2K_2)和处理11(N_3P_2K_2),折合产量分别为39.06、39和38.85 t/hm~2;处理8(N_2P_2K_0)为除空白处理1(N_0P_0K_0)外产量最低的一组,为18.75 t/hm~2,说明不同施肥处理对香蕉的产量具有较大影响。在本试验条件下,三元二次方程拟合结果表明,该地区氮(N)、磷(P_2O_5)和钾(K_2O)的最佳施肥量分别为632.25、198.3和1 207.95 kg/hm~2。对于香蕉而言,该地区香蕉试验地基础地力贡献率为39.26%,土壤供钾能力极低,供氮能力较低,供磷能力中等,说明钾肥是影响香蕉产量的主要因素之一。
In order to build a soil testing and fertilization index system suitable for Bananas in Laofanzhai, Hekou County, this paper provides scientific and reasonable fertilization measures for banana production. In this experiment, “3414” field fertilizer efficiency test scheme was applied to fertilize banana nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium The effect was studied. The results showed that the equivalent yield of treatment 10 (N_2P_2K_3) was the highest (39.75 t / hm -2), followed by treatments of 7 (N_2P_3K_2), 6 (N_2P_2K_2) and 11 (N_3P_2K_2), respectively. And 38.85 t / hm ~ 2 respectively. The lowest output of treatment 8 (N_2P_2K_0) was 18.75 t / hm ~ 2, except for blank treatment 1 (N_0P_0K_0), indicating that different fertilization treatments had a great influence on the yield of banana. Under the experimental conditions, the fitting results of the ternary quadratic equation showed that the optimum fertilization rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P_2O_5) and potassium (K_2O) were 632.25, 198.3 and 1 207.95 kg / hm ~ 2 . For banana, the contribution rate of ground fertility to banana in this area was 39.26%, which was extremely low for potassium supply, low for nitrogen supply and middle for phosphorus supply, indicating that potash fertilizer is one of the main factors affecting banana yield.