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目的研究洋葱总黄酮对糖尿病大鼠血清及视网膜的抗氧化损伤作用。方法用乙醇回流法提取洋葱总黄酮。建立链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型。50只雄性SPF级大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组和3个剂量实验组,每组10只。实验组,每日1次灌胃3个剂量(200,100,50mg·kg~(-1))洋葱总黄酮;模型组和正常组,每日给予等体积的生理盐水。测定大鼠的血糖和体重。用硫代巴比妥酸法和黄瞟呤氧化酶法检测各组大鼠血清及视网膜组织的丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果与模型组比较,3个剂量实验组的血糖均明显降低、体重均明显增加(均P<0.05)。血清:与模型组相比,3个剂量实验组MDA含量(nmol·mL~(-1);18.75±2.02 vs 15.36±1.56,12.75±1.78,9.45±2.23)明显降低,而SOD活力(U·mL~(-1);223.78±25.69 vs298.43±19.72,348.16±23.74,382.43±18.46)明显增加(均P<0.01)。视网膜:与模型组相比,3个剂量实验组MDA明显降低,而SOD活力明显增加(均P<0.01)。结论洋葱总黄酮可显著降低糖尿病大鼠的氧化应激水平,增强糖尿病大鼠血清及视网膜的抗氧化能力。
Objective To study the anti-oxidative effect of total flavonoids from onion on serum and retina of diabetic rats. Methods The total flavonoids of onion were extracted by ethanol reflux method. Establishment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Fifty male SPF rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group and three dose groups, 10 in each group. In the experimental group, three doses of onion total flavonoids (200, 100 and 50 mg · kg -1) were given orally once a day. The model group and the normal group were given equal volume of normal saline daily. Blood glucose and body weight were measured in rats. Serum and retinal tissues were assayed for malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by thiobarbituric acid and xanthine oxidase method. Results Compared with the model group, the blood glucose of the three dose groups were significantly decreased and the body weight were significantly increased (all P <0.05). Serum: Compared with the model group, the MDA content (nmol · mL -1; 18.75 ± 2.02 vs 15.36 ± 1.56, 12.75 ± 1.78 and 9.45 ± 2.23) in the three experimental groups were significantly decreased, while the SOD activity (U · mL ~ (-1); 223.78 ± 25.69 vs298.43 ± 19.72,348.16 ± 23.74,382.43 ± 18.46) (all P <0.01). Retina: Compared with the model group, the MDA levels in the three dose groups were significantly decreased, while the SOD activity was significantly increased (all P <0.01). Conclusion Onion flavonoids can significantly reduce the oxidative stress in diabetic rats and enhance the antioxidant capacity of serum and retina in diabetic rats.