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目的探讨急性氮氧化物中毒的临床发病特征及救治关键技术。方法对167例急性氮氧化物中毒病例从临床表现、辅助检查、治疗及转归进行回顾性分析。结果所有病例经采用氧疗、糖皮质激素(GC)或机械通气等综合治疗后,除死亡6例,其余均抢救成功。8例重度中毒患者及早使用机械通气后疗效好。结论①应高度警惕迟发性化学性肺水肿,重视潜伏期救治;②早期足量应用GC是救治关键;③联合莨菪碱类药物可提高救治成功率;④保证气道通畅,尽快纠正低氧血症,重症患者及早选择适合病情的机械通气模式是救治成功的重要因素。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of acute nitrogen oxide poisoning. Methods A retrospective analysis of 167 cases of acute nitrogen oxide poisoning cases from the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, treatment and prognosis. Results All cases were treated with oxygen therapy, glucocorticoid (GC) or mechanical ventilation, except for 6 cases of death, the others were successfully rescued. 8 cases of severe poisoning patients with early mechanical ventilation after good effect. Conclusions ①We should be highly vigilant for delayed chemical pulmonary edema and focus on the latent period of treatment; ② Early sufficient application of GC is the key to treatment; ③ Combination of hyoscyamine drugs can improve the success rate of treatment; ④ Ensure airway patency and correct hypoxemia Symptoms, critically ill patients as soon as possible to choose the appropriate mechanical ventilation mode is an important factor in the success of treatment.