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通过染色体观察,从57个中国春小麦(Triticum aestivum L)×苏联球茎大麦(Hordeum bulbosum L.)BC_1F_5和BC_1F_6 代杂种株系中,筛选出13个整倍体株系(2n=6x?42)(编号E_1-E_(13))。形态观察表明:它们在苗期、成熟期和穗部形态以及抽穗期、株高等方面有明显的差异,获得了一批矮秆、大穗、高蛋白、抗小麦黄花叶病等优良农艺性状的材料。这批材料有4种减数分裂染色体构型:即具有低频率和高频率单价体的株系;具有低频率和高频率四价体的株系。由此推断,这些株系所特有的性状是通过染色体置换(二体或单体置换)和染色体易位而引入的,并且这种置换和易位涉及到球茎大麦的染色体。
Chromosome observation showed that 13 euploid lines (2n = 6 × 42) were selected from 57 Triticum aestivum L × Hordeum bulbosum L. BC_1F_5 and BC_1F_6 hybrids No. E_1-E_ (13)). Morphological observation showed that there were significant differences in seedling stage, maturity, ear morphology, heading date and plant height, and some excellent agronomic traits such as dwarf, big spike, high protein and yellow mosaic disease were obtained material. These materials have four meiosis chromosomal configurations: those with low frequency and high frequency monovalent; those with low frequency and high frequency tetravalent. It follows that the traits peculiar to these lines were introduced by chromosomal substitutions (diatomic or monosomic substitutions) and chromosomal translocations, and that such substitutions and translocations involve the chromosomes of bulbous barley.