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[目的]研究芝麻纵向不同部位的开花结蒴的规律以蒴果的发育特性。[方法]以郑芝98N09为研究对象,于芝麻盛花期将其纵向划分为下部节位(8节位以下)、中部节位(9~20节位)和上部节位(20节位以上),测定不同部位开花和结蒴数目、蒴果长度、宽度、鲜重、籽粒鲜重和干重、以及果皮干重。[结果]随着节位的增加,郑芝98N09开花和结蒴数目呈先增加后下降的变化趋势。其中,在第15节位开花数目达最大值,为9.3朵/节;第12节位结蒴数目达最大值,为4.2个/节位。不同部位结蒴能力比较,中部节位结蒴能力最高,开花结蒴率为45.1%,上部节位次之,为30.1%,下部节位仅为25.0%。中部蒴果的长度、宽度、鲜质量和籽粒的鲜质量、干质量以及果皮干质量均高于下部蒴果和上部蒴果;下、中、上部蒴果平均灌浆速率分别为0.003 5、0.004 4、0.003 1g/(蒴·d),表明在蒴果发育过程中光合物质优先供应中部蒴果。[结论]该研究结果为芝麻高产栽培提供理论依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the law of flowering knot in different parts of sesame in order to develop the capsule. [Method] With Zhengzhi 98N09 as the research object, the vertical sesame flowering stage was divided into the lower node (less than 8 nodes), the middle node (9 ~ 20 nodes) and the upper node (more than 20 nodes) The number of flowering and node bolls, the length and width of the capsule, the fresh weight, the fresh and dry weight of the kernel and the dry weight of the peel were measured. [Result] With the increase of node size, the number of flowering and node bolting of Zhengzhi 98N09 first increased and then decreased. Among them, the maximum number of flowering at the 15th node was 9.3 flowers per node, and the maximum number of nodes at the 12th knot was 4.2 per node. Compared with the ability of knot in different parts, the knot of knot in the middle knot is the highest, the rate of flowering knot is 45.1%, the position of upper knot is 30.1% and the lower knot is only 25.0%. The length, width, fresh weight, kernel fresh weight, dry weight and dry weight of the pericarp were higher than those of the lower capsule and upper capsule. The average filling rate of the middle, middle and upper capsules were 0.003 5, 0.004 4 and 0.003 1 g / (Bolt d), indicating that the photosynthetic material preferentially supplies the central capsule during capsule development. [Conclusion] The results of this study provide theoretical basis for sesame high-yielding cultivation.