论文部分内容阅读
柴达木盆地位于青海省西北部。北纬35°14′—39°20′,东径90°10′—99°25′。东部由举卡、希里沟等山间盆地谷地组成,德令哈、香日德以西地形开阔,总面积约为22万平方公里,海拔2,700—3,200米。 山前为洪积扇形地,宽10—30公里不等。扇形地中上部为砾石、砾砂戈壁;扇前风积带分布着各种砂丘或砂质、砂壤质荒漠土、土层较厚,盐硷成分轻,地下水位低;扇缘地势平坦,土层深厚,地下水位较高,成盐硷草滩或盐漠;扇前低洼地,排水不良,成沮洳草甸或沼泽湿地;盆地中心为盐湖。 属温带泠性荒漠或温带荒漠大陆性气候,夏季温热,冬季严寒。年平均温度0°—4.1℃。无霜期80—120天,南部较长,西部、北部较短。年降水量
Qaidam Basin is located in northwest Qinghai Province. 35 ° 14’-39 ° 20’N, 90 ° 10’-99 ° 25’E. The eastern part of the mountain ranges from the Tuka, Heli ditch and other mountain basins to the open terrain to the west of Delingha and Xiangjide. The total area is about 220,000 square kilometers with an elevation of 2,700-3,200 meters. Former alluvial fan, 10-30 km wide range. Fan sector in the upper part of the gravel, gravel sand Gobi; fan before the fan zone with a variety of sandy or sandy, sandy loam desert soil, thick soil, salt alkaline composition of light, low groundwater level; fan edge flat, Deep soil layer, high water table, saline-alkali grass beach or salt desert; fan low-lying, poor drainage, into depression meadow or swamp wetlands; basin center for the salt lake. Is a temperate desert or temperate desert continental climate, warm in summer, cold in winter. The annual average temperature 0 ° -4.1 ℃. Frost-free period 80-120 days, the southern longer, western, northern shorter. Annual precipitation