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糖尿病患者因宿主免疫受损易合并各种感染，其中肺炎尤为多见。我国糖尿病合并肺炎高发、机会性感染病原体致病增多但检出率低、重症肺炎多见且病死率高，导致严重的医疗和经济负担，因此亟须多学科专家共同探讨、制定规范的诊治路径，改善疾病预后。结合国内外文献和我国临床实践，国内呼吸与危重症医学科、内分泌科、微生物科和临床药学等专家就糖尿病合并肺炎诊治路径制定本共识。“,”Patients with diabetes mellitus are prone to various infections owing to host immune impairment, especially pneumonia. In China, morbidity of pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus is high. And in case of pneumonia, patients with diabetes mellitus were of increased probability of opportunistic infections, low detection rate of pathogens, more severe pneumonia and high mortality, resulting in heavy medical and economic burdens. Therefore, it is urgent for multi-disciplinary experts to explore and formulate standards for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus to improve the prognosis. Based on domestic and international literatures and clinical experiences of experts in respiratory and critical care medicine, endocrinology, microbiology and clinical pharmacy, a consensus was developed on the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus.