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目的分析长江航道工程船舶饮用水重金属健康风险。方法采集长江中游荆江航道工程水域地表水、取水口水源水和航道工程船舶饮用水,检测铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)、铝(Al)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)含量,利用健康风险评价法(HRA)评价水质重金属健康风险。结果荆江航道工程水域地表水、取水口水源水和工程船舶饮用水Pb、Al、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn非致癌风险(危害商,HQ)<1,Cd、Cr致癌风险水平(CR)在10~(-9)~10~(-6)/a范围,处于可接受水平;As的CR水平在8.05×10~(-8)/a~8.49×10~(-5)/a,部分超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的可接受值(5.0×10~(-5)/a),但低于美国、WHO和中国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)中As限值10μg/L,视为安全。结论长江航道工程船舶饮用水重金属含量符合国家饮用水水质卫生规范,但应加强水质风险评价;制备和储存的饮用水中发现危险因素时,采取针对性处理措施,保障船员饮用水安全。
Objective To analyze the health risks of heavy metals in drinking water of the Yangtze River waterway project. Methods The surface water, outlet water source water and waterway engineering vessel drinking water were collected from the Jingjiang Channel Project waters in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The contents of Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Al and Mn Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn. The health risks of heavy metals in water and quality were evaluated by health risk assessment (HRA). Results Non-carcinogenic risk (hazard ratio, HQ) of Pb, Al, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in surface water of Jingjiang waterway engineering waters, intake water of source water and drinking water of engineering vessels <1, 10 ~ (-9) ~ 10 ~ (-6) / a range, at an acceptable level; the level of As in CR was 8.05 × 10 -8 / a ~ 8.49 × 10 ~ (-5) / a, Exceeds the acceptable value (5.0 × 10 -5 / a) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) but lower than the As limit of the United States, WHO and China’s Domestic Drinking Water Hygiene Standards (GB5749-2006) 10μg / L, regarded as safe. Conclusions The heavy metal content of drinking water in the Yangtze River waterway project is in conformity with the hygienic standard of drinking water quality of the country, but water quality risk assessment should be strengthened. When dangerous factors are found in the prepared and stored drinking water, targeted treatment measures are taken to ensure the safety of crew drinking water.