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综述了离子液体作为溶剂、单体、引发剂或配体参与原子转移自由基聚合。离子液体具有独特的物理化学性能,可作为溶剂或配体直接参与聚合反应,也可以通过化学修饰合成离子液体型聚合单体或引发剂,利用ATRP技术制备出含有聚合离子液体链段或端基的功能性高分子材料。这种材料可应用于太阳能电池、聚合物电池、光敏元件、吸附剂或传感元件等多个领域,成为高分子材料研究领域的一个重要课题。
Ionic liquids are reviewed as solvents and monomers, initiators or ligands participate in atom transfer radical polymerization. Ionic liquids have unique physico-chemical properties and can be directly involved in polymerization as solvents or ligands. They can also be chemically modified to synthesize ionic liquid-based polymerization monomers or initiators. ATRP can be used to prepare ionic liquids containing polymeric ionic liquid segments or end groups Functional polymer materials. This material can be applied in many fields such as solar cells, polymer batteries, photosensors, adsorbents or sensing elements, and has become an important subject in the field of polymer materials research.