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乔化砧苹果栽植的合理密度,究其根本就是最充分地利用太阳光能。1.在没有太阳辐射观测资料的地区,太阳辐射能的资源可通过理论计算取得。2.西北农学院果园四种试验密度(即株行距(米)为1×2,1×3,1×4和2×4)的光能利用率以2×4(米)最高,1×4(米)最低。3.合理行距公式:N=R+ctgh·H (1)其中,N 为合理行距,H 是计划树的总高度,R 为计划最大冠半径,h 是当地正午太阳高度角。N=2R+ctgh·Z (2)其中,Z 为计划最大冠半径处的外缘高度,其他同(1)式。当 R+ctgh·Zctgh·H 时,用(2)式确定之。合理的株距公式为:n=4/3 R式中,n 为株距,R 为计划最大冠半径。乔化砧苹果栽植的合理密度,究其根本,就是在现有的生产条件下,最大限度地、充分合理利用太阳辐射能。众所周知,过稀过密都不能充分合理地利用太阳辐射能。本文试图通过太阳辐射能理论值的计算,结合西北农学院乔化砧苹果密度试验园,根据1981年4至7月的照度观测资料,分析太阳光能的利用情况,进而提出合理密度的计算公式。
Qiaohua an apple planting reasonable density, its fundamental is the best use of solar energy. 1. In areas where observations of solar radiation are not available, sources of solar radiation can be obtained by theoretical calculations. Northwest Agricultural College orchard four kinds of test density (ie line spacing (m) of 1 × 2,1 × 3,1 × 4 and 2 × 4) the light energy utilization rate of 2 × 4 (m) the highest, 1 × 4 (m) the lowest. 3. Reasonable spacing formula: N = R + ctgh · H (1) where N is the reasonable row spacing, H is the total height of the plan tree, R is the projected maximum crown radius, and h is the midday sun altitude angle. N = 2R + ctgh · Z (2) where Z is the height of the outer edge at the maximum projected crown radius, and the other is the same as in (1). When R + ctgh · Z ctgh · H, use (2) to determine. The reasonable spacing is: n = 4/3 R where n is the spacing and R is the projected maximum crown radius. Qiaohua an apple planting reasonable density, its fundamental, is the existing production conditions, to the maximum extent, the full and reasonable use of solar radiation. As we all know, too thin and too dense can not fully and reasonably utilize solar radiation. This paper attempts to calculate the theoretical value of solar radiation theory, combined with Qiaohua an apple density test garden of Northwest Agricultural College, according to the illumination observation data from April to July 1981, analyze the utilization of solar energy, and then put forward the formula of reasonable density .