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目的:分析初诊2型糖尿病患者微血管病变(周围神经病变、视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病)与其相关危险因素关系。方法:对120例新诊断的2型糖尿病患者进行神经传导速度、眼底荧光造影和尿微量白蛋白及相关指标测定,计算微血管病变的患病率,并对相关因素分析。结果:(1)初诊患者中糖尿病周围神经病变的患病率为34.6%,糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率为15.4%,糖尿病肾病的患病率为13.4%。(2)年龄、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、收缩压、舒张压、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇均为糖尿病周围神经病变的独立危险因素。(3)糖化血红蛋白、尿微量白蛋白、收缩压为糖尿病视网膜病变独立危险因素。结论:初诊2型糖尿病患者有一定微血管病变患病率,应强化对血压、血糖、血脂相关危险因素的干预以控制和延缓糖尿病微血管病变的发生、发展。
Objective: To analyze the relationship between microvascular disease (peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy) and its related risk factors in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: The nerve conduction velocities, fundus fluorescein angiography and urinary microalbuminuria were measured in 120 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. The prevalence of microangiopathy was calculated and the related factors were analyzed. Results: (1) The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in newly diagnosed patients was 34.6%, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 15.4%, and the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 13.4%. (2) Age, fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin and total cholesterol were independent risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. (3) Glycosylated hemoglobin, urinary albumin, systolic blood pressure are independent risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: The newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients have a certain prevalence of microangiopathy. The intervention of blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid related risk factors should be strengthened to control and delay the occurrence and development of diabetic microangiopathy.