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奥氏体不锈钢焊缝由于其金相组织为树枝纤维状结晶，且晶粒粗大，同时声学特性各向异性。致使超声波探伤奥氏体不锈钢焊缝有杂乱的晶间、晶界草状回波，信噪比低，而成为NDT的一大难题。 在某产品研究中，我们针对船焊395这种材料焊成的奥氏体不锈钢角焊缝的特点，采用了与常规焊缝探伤横波为主的不同的方法，而改用了以直射纵波、折射纵波及小角度折射纵波的探伤方法，从解决该种类型的奥氏体焊缝超声波探伤的定量、定位、定性的方面作了大量研究工作。本文介绍了试验用的仪3、探头、基本理论及具体方法。
Austenitic stainless steel weld because of its metallographic structure for the branches of fibrous crystals, and coarse grains, while the acoustic properties of anisotropy. As a result, ultrasonic welding of austenitic stainless steel weld has disorderly intergranular intergranular grain boundaries and grass-grain echoes with low signal-to-noise ratio, which has become a major challenge for NDT. In the research of a product, we adopted the different methods of transverse shear based on the conventional weld inspection in view of the characteristics of fillet welded austenitic stainless steel welded by this material, Refraction longitudinal waves and small-angle refraction longitudinal wave detection method, from the solution to this type of austenitic weld ultrasonic flaw detection quantitative, positioning, qualitative aspects made a lot of research work. This article describes the experimental instrument 3, the probe, the basic theory and specific methods.