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目的评价防治碘缺乏病健康教育效果,为今后开展工作提供可借鉴的经验。方法根据国家《项目管理方案》、《项目技术方案》和《2009年福建省地方病防治项目管理方案》,随机抽取3个项目镇中心小学5年级各1个班30名学生,在每所项目学校所在地随机抽取15名家庭主妇进行基线调查。项目实施半年后,用统一方法和同一问卷进行终期调查。结果实施健康教育干预后,小学生及家庭主妇碘缺乏病防治知识平均知晓率均显著提高。小学生平均知晓率由基线调查的61.1%上升为效果评价的91.1%,家庭主妇平均知晓率由基线调查的51.9%上升为效果评价的84.4%。结论通过以学生和家庭主妇为主体的健康教育模式综合干预,目标人群对碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率均明显提高,说明该宣传教育模式是防治碘缺乏病的有效途径之一。
Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders and provide lessons for future work. Methods According to the national “Project Management Plan”, “Project Technical Proposal” and “2009 Fujian endemic disease prevention and control project management plan”, 30 project students from 1 grade in town 5 were randomly selected. Each project school Location randomly selected 15 housewives for baseline surveys. Six months after the implementation of the project, the final investigation shall be conducted by the unified method and the same questionnaire. Results After implementing health education intervention, the average awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school students and housewives increased significantly. The average awareness of primary school students increased from 61.1% of the baseline survey to 91.1% of the effectiveness assessment, while the average awareness of housewives increased from 51.9% of the baseline survey to 84.4% of the effectiveness assessment. Conclusion Through the comprehensive intervention of health education model with students and housewives as the main body, the awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in the target population is significantly increased, indicating that the mode of publicity and education is an effective way to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.