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目的:评价20世纪90年代北京市房山区农民人群膳食营养素摄入的变化情况和趋势。方法:1991-04/1999-06在北京市房山区农民人群中对35～65岁的随机抽样样本进行膳食营养调查。应用24h膳食回忆法分别进行了1991/1992年,1995年和1999年的调查,随机样本人数分别为443人(男209人,女234人),367人(男163人,女204人)和393人(男180人,女213人)。分性别和不同年龄组对营养素的摄入变化进行比较。结果:1991/1999年,平均每人每天膳食中摄入热量和总蛋白质略升高;动物蛋白质,总脂肪,饱和脂肪酸,单不饱和脂肪酸,胆固醇,Keys分值(膳食脂质分值)变化呈一致性明显逐渐升高趋势,55～65岁男性年龄组中其升高全都有显著性意义(P<0.05),在35～54岁女性年龄组中其升高也基本都有显著性意义;碳水化合物,植物蛋白质,钠的摄入略降低,钾、钙、乙醇的变化不大。结论:北京市房山区农民9年来膳食营养摄入的变化呈增加心脑血管病尤其冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病危险因素的趋势,需要进行这方面饮食平衡的指导。
Objective: To evaluate the changes and trends of dietary nutrient intake of farmer population in Fangshan District of Beijing in the 1990s. METHODS: From April 1991 to June 1999, a random sample of 35- to 65-year-olds was enrolled in the farmer population of Fangshan District in Beijing. A total of 443 (male 209 and female 234), 367 (male 163, female 204) and female 393 (180 males and 213 females). Comparison of changes in nutrient intake by sex and age group. Results: In 1991/1999, the daily intake of calories and total protein in the diet per person per day increased slightly. Changes in animal protein, total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and Keys scores (dietary lipid scores) Consistency was significantly increased gradually, 55-65-year-old male age group all increased significantly (P <0.05), in the 35-54-year-old female age group, its rise is basically also have significant significance ; Carbohydrates, plant protein, sodium intake slightly lower, little change in potassium, calcium, ethanol. CONCLUSION: The changes of dietary intake of farmers in Fangshan District of Beijing in the past 9 years are in the trend of increasing the risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Guidance on dietary balance needs to be taken in this regard.