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目的探讨分析268例手足口病患儿的流行病学特征,为有效控制和预防提供科学依据。方法收集营口市2015年1-12月期间某院收治的268例手足口病患儿的临床资料,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果268例手足口病患儿中,221例轻型病例(82.46%),42例重型病例(15.67%),5例危重型病例(1.87%);男性155例,女性113例,男女性别比为1.37:1差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);发病集中在5岁以下年龄组(占比88.0%),其中以1~2岁幼儿发病率最高(占比57.1%);268例手足口病患儿均来自营口市及周边地区,其中158例来自乡镇,占比59.0%;全年均有病例发生,主要集中在5-6月(占比28.7%)和10-12月(占比35.4%);散居儿童发病156例(占比58.2%)高于托幼儿童87例(占比32.5%)。结论手足口病发病男性多于女性,发病年龄以5岁以下儿童居多,特别是1~2岁幼儿,发病时间集中在5-6月和10-12月,应及时加强对这一人群的预防和控制措施。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of 268 children with hand-foot-mouth disease and provide scientific evidence for effective control and prevention. Methods The clinical data of 268 HFMD children admitted in a hospital from January to December in 2015 in Yingkou were collected and used descriptive method to carry out epidemiological analysis. Results Among the 268 children with HFMD, 221 cases were light (82.46%), 42 cases were severe (15.67%) and 5 cases were critically ill (1.87%). There were 155 males and 113 females, 1.37: 1, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the incidence was concentrated in the age group of under 5 years old (88.0%), of which the incidence was highest in children aged 1-2 years (57.1%); The patients were from Yingkou City and the surrounding areas, of which 158 cases came from towns and townships, accounting for 59.0% of the cases. Cases occurred all year round, mainly in May-June (28.7%) and October-December 35.4%). The incidence of diaspora in 156 cases (58.2%) was higher than that of kindergarten children (32.5%). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease is more than that of females. The age of onset is mostly children under 5 years old, especially 1 to 2 years old. The onset time is concentrated in May-June and October-December, and prevention of this population should be promptly strengthened And control measures.