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目的探讨医务人员职业暴露发生情况及危险因素,为医务人员采取预防措施提供依据。方法根据2006年1月-2009年1月110名医务人员填报的医务人员职业暴露登记表,分析职业暴露发生的详细情况及危险因素。结果暴露发生率从高到低依次为护士60名,占54.5%,医师45名,占41.0%,检验师5名,占4.5%;主要以锐器伤为主占86.4%,暴露源中患有血源性传播病的85例,无血源性传播疾病20例,暴露源不明5例;暴露地点依次为:手术室40名,急诊15名,产房15名,其他科室共40名;暴露发生的主要环节:手术中40名,处理废弃物31名,双手回套针帽10名,各种穿刺9名,拔出针头6名,将针插入瓶塞中6名,抽血3名,换药中5名;暂未发现因职业暴露而感染血源性传播性疾病。结论加强医务人员培训,提高职业安全意识,认真执行标准预防,规范各项操作流程,关注高发科室和高发人群的风险管理,建立完整的报告系统,对减少医务人员职业性感染具有积极意义。
Objective To explore the occurrence and risk factors of occupational exposure among medical staff and provide the basis for medical staff to take precautionary measures. Methods Based on the occupational exposure registration form of 110 medical personnel from January 2006 to January 2009, the details of occupational exposure and risk factors were analyzed. Results The highest incidence of exposure was 60 nurses, accounting for 54.5%, physicians 45, accounting for 41.0% and examiners 5, accounting for 4.5%. The main injuries were 86.4% There were 85 cases of blood-borne disease, 20 cases of no blood-borne transmission disease and 5 cases of unknown source of exposure. The locations of exposure were 40 in the operating room, 15 in the emergency room, 15 in the delivery room and 40 in other departments. Occurred in the main part: 40 in operation, handling 31 waste, hands back trocar 10, a variety of puncture 9, pull out the needle 6, the needle into the bottle stopper 6, blood 3, Dressing in 5; yet found that due to occupational exposure and blood-borne diseases. Conclusion It is of positive significance to strengthen medical personnel training, raise occupational safety awareness, conscientiously implement standard precautions, standardize various operational procedures, pay attention to risk management in high-incidence departments and high-risk groups and establish a complete reporting system to reduce occupational infections among medical staffs.