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目的掌握本地区腹泻病的菌群分布和变化,为食源性疾病主动监测体系提供必要的监测数据。方法分析2010-2011年龙岗区2个腹泻病监测哨点患者的粪便标本,检测沙门菌(SM)、志贺菌(SH)、霍乱弧菌(VC)、副溶血弧菌(VP)和致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)等病原菌结果。结果 3 271份粪便标本中,检出病原菌共797株,阳性率为24.37%,腹泻病原菌占前3位的分别为DEC、VP和SM。O25、O1和O164是DEC主要流行血清型,VP优势血清型为O3:K6和O4:K8,SM的优势血清型为肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌。VP和SM有明显季节性分布特点,主要在6-9月份阳性检出;沙门菌10岁以下儿童感染率高,VP和SM不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.000;P=0.007)。结论本地区腹泻病原菌以DEC、VP和SM为主,肠炎沙门菌为SM最主要流行血清型,初步揭示了深圳市龙岗区细菌性腹泻的病原谱及流行病学分布特征。
Objective To understand the distribution and changes of the flora of diarrheal diseases in this area and provide the necessary monitoring data for the active monitoring system of foodborne diseases. Methods Stool specimens of 2 diarrheal disease surveillance sentinel sites in Longgang District during 2010-2011 were analyzed to detect Salmonella typhi (SM), Shigella (SH), Vibrio cholerae (VC), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) Diarrheal Escherichia coli (DEC) and other pathogenic bacteria results. Results Among 3 271 stool specimens, 797 strains of pathogens were detected, the positive rate was 24.37%. The first three pathogens of diarrhea were DEC, VP and SM. O25, O1 and O164 are the major epidemic strains of DEC. The dominant serogroups of VP are O3: K6 and O4: K8. The predominant serotypes of SM are S. Enteritidis and S. typhimurium. VP and SM were significantly seasonal distribution, mainly in June-September positive detection; Salmonella infection in children under 10 years of age, VP and SM different age groups was statistically significant (P = 0.000; P = 0.007 ). Conclusion The predominant pathogenic bacteria of diarrhea in this area are DEC, VP and SM, and Salmonella enteritidis is the most prevalent serotype of SM. The pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological distribution of bacterial diarrhea in Longgang District of Shenzhen City are preliminarily revealed.