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工业及军用呼吸防护装备(RPD)对使用者提供保护,使其能在有害的大气环境中工作,但装备本身可产生外加呼吸阻力负荷(added respi-ratory resistive Load,Ra),对使用者产生不利的生理和心理影响。近年国内外重视对RPD阻力标准的研究,本文拟对此进行探讨。 一、概 述 工业及军用RPD可看作呼吸系的外延,附加的呼吸摩擦性阻力称外加呼吸阻力,它比呼吸系自身的阻力(约2cmH_2O)要大得多。生产上,习惯上将RPD外加阻力称作“吸气时面罩腔内的真空度(峰值负压)及吸气时的余压(峰值正压)”。阻力值的单位记作cmH_2O·L~(-1)·S。也有测出压力值(cmH_2O)再标明测压时的流率值。由于RPD的阻力是非线性的,故最方便、最常用的方法是直接绘出该装备的流率-压力特性曲线,表示在一定
Industrial and military respiratory protection (RPD) protects users from harmful atmospheres, but the equipment itself can create an added respi-ratory resistive load (Ra) to the user Adverse physiological and psychological effects. In recent years, attention is paid to the research of RPD resistance standards at home and abroad. This article intends to discuss this. I. Overview Industrial and military RPD can be seen as the extension of the respiratory system, the additional resistance to respiratory friction, said resistance plus resistance, which is more than the respiratory resistance (about 2cmH_2O) is much larger. Production, the practice of the RPD plus resistance called “breathing mask mask cavity vacuum (peak negative pressure) and inspiratory pressure (peak positive pressure).” The unit of resistance is denoted as cmH2O · L ~ (-1) · S. Also measured pressure value (cmH_2O) and then indicate the pressure measurement flow rate value. Since the resistance of the RPD is non-linear, the most convenient and commonly used method is to directly plot the flow-pressure characteristics of the equipment,