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小麦叶锈病是小麦生产的主要病害之一,发病严重时往往导致大幅度减产。叶锈菌生理小种的变异易导致抗病基因抗性的丧失,因此不断获得新抗源对小麦抗病育种至关重要。小麦近缘植物中含有丰富的小麦育种所需的抗病基因。本研究从小麦-近缘植物双二倍体、附加系、代换系或易位系等创新种质中筛选出小麦叶锈病新抗源,为利用这些新抗源打下基础。苗期对116份供试材料人工接种美国堪萨斯州流行的小麦叶锈菌混合生理小种(Lrcomp),其中部分材料人工接种09-9-1441-1等5个中国当前流行的叶锈菌生理小种进行抗性鉴定,筛选获得新抗源。116份种质中,31份免疫、近免疫或高抗Lrcomp。含有希尔斯山羊草、尾状山羊草、拟斯卑尔脱山羊草、两芒山羊草、卵穗山羊草、沙融山羊草、柱穗山羊草、顶芒山羊草、小伞山羊草、偏凸山羊草、中间偃麦草、茸毛偃麦草、长穗偃麦草、粗穗披碱草、栽培黑麦、非洲黑麦、提莫菲维小麦染色质的部分种质免疫或高抗Lrcomp,而含二角山羊草、无芒山羊草、沙生冰草、多年生簇毛麦和1年生簇毛麦染色质的种质表现中感至高感Lrcomp。希尔斯山羊草4S染色体、尾状山羊草C#1和D#1染色体和两芒山羊草、顶芒山羊草中可能含有未被报道的抗Lrcomp的新基因,值得进一步向小麦转育。小麦-粗穗披碱草1HtS.1BL罗伯逊易位系对Lrcomp及09-9-1441-1和09-9-1426-1等5个中国当前流行叶锈菌生理小种近免疫,值得利用染色体工程等方法获得小片段抗病易位系应用于我国小麦抗叶锈育种。
Wheat leaf rust is one of the major diseases of wheat production, and often leads to significant yield reduction when the disease is serious. Variation of leaf rust ecotype races can easily lead to the loss of resistance genes. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to obtain new resistance sources constantly. Wheat plants are rich in disease resistance genes required for wheat breeding. In this study, new wheat leaf rust resistant sources were screened from novel germplasms such as diploid, additional lines, substitution lines or translocation lines of wheat-related plants, laying a foundation for the utilization of these new sources of resistance. Seedling to 116 parts by artificially inoculated test materials Kansas popular Puccinia recondita mixture physiological race (Lrcomp), wherein the portion of the material, five artificial inoculation 09-9-1441-1 popular Chinese physiological Puccinia Small races for resistance identification, screening for new anti-source. Of 116 germplasms, 31 were immunized, nearly immunized or highly resistant to Lrcomp. Spirogyra, tail goat grass, to Speypine goat grass, two mangosteen grass, oval goat grass, Sha Rong goat grass, column ear goat grass, top mangosteen grass, small umbrella goat grass, partial convex Aegilops, Agropyron intermediate, Agropyron hair, Elytriga crude nutans, cultivated rye, rye Africa, Germplasm immune wheat Triticum Fivi chromatin or high resistance Lrcomp, and Lrcomp. Is highly susceptible to the germplasm with chromatin from A. annua, A. mangium, A. sinensis, A. perennial, and 1-year-old ryegrass. Hills chromosome 4S goat grass, Aegilops caudate C # 1 and D # 1 chromosomes and two Mountain goat grass, top Mountain goat grass may contain anti-Lrcomp new gene has not been reported, it is worth further transferred to sterile wheat. Wheat - coarse nutans 1HtS.1BL Robertson translocation of Lrcomp and 09-9-1441-1 and 09-9-1426-1 and other five Chinese popular physiological races of Puccinia nearly immune, it is worth using the chromosome Engineering and other methods to obtain a small fragment of disease-resistant translocation lines used in wheat leaf rust resistant breeding in our country.