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光学是一门古老的学科,其悠久的历史几乎和人类文明史本身一样久远。古代中国的光学被公认为是古代物理学发展较好的学科之一。阳隧(铜质凹面镜)的制造技术,影子的形成机理,小孔成像的道理,平面镜、凸面镜和凹面镜的光学成像特点,这些知识都远早于世界其他国家。这些科技成就大都与先秦墨子为首的墨家学派相关,他们曾利用烛炬与铜镜进行光学实验。汉代,有以刘安为首的淮南学派,还有王充和张衡在光学上的建树。唐代,由于道家对玻璃制造的
Optical is an ancient discipline whose long history is almost as long as the history of human civilization itself. Ancient China’s optics was recognized as one of the better developed disciplines in ancient physics. The manufacturing technology of the tunnel (bronze concave mirror), the formation mechanism of the shadow, the principle of pinhole imaging, the optical imaging characteristics of the plane mirror, the convex mirror and the concave mirror are much earlier than the rest of the world. Most of these scientific and technological achievements are related to the Mohist school led by Mohist Zi in the early Qin Dynasty. They used optical experiments with candles and bronze mirrors. During the Han Dynasty, there were Huainan schools led by Liu An, as well as Wang Chong and Zhang Heng in their optical achievements. Tang Dynasty, due to the glass made by Taoism