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目的调查分析喷漆工职业卫生健康教育干预措施成效,为开展苯及其同系物作业工人健康教育与健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法通过“参与式”培训对企业管理层、喷漆工进行多种形式的职业卫生健康教育,并对干预前后企业管理人员、喷漆工的知识、态度和行为等改变进行调查,同时对作业环境进行职业病危害因素检测。结果 3家玩具生产企业的管理人员职业病防治知识知晓率由干预前的21.6%～26.2%提高至干预后的72.4%～87.8%(P<0.01),喷漆工职业卫生知识、态度及行为变化正确率由干预前的5.8%～11.6%提高至干预后的60.0%～69.9%(P<0.01)。3家玩具生产企业工作场所空气中的苯及同系物浓度逐年降低,工人岗前和在岗职业健康检查率逐年提高。结论 “参与式”健康教育与健康促进模式对提高作业工人自我防护意识,养成良好的卫生习惯,减少苯及同系物职业病危害事故的发生有着十分重要的意义。
Objective To investigate and analyze the effectiveness of occupational health education and health education for spray painters and provide a scientific basis for the health education and health promotion of workers of benzene and its homologues. Methods Through the “participatory” training, we conducted various forms of occupational health and hygiene education for the management and the spray painters, and investigated the changes of the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the enterprise managers and spray painters before and after the interventions. At the same time, Environment occupational hazards detection. Results The awareness rate of occupational disease prevention and control among the three toy manufacturers was increased from 21.6% ~ 26.2% before intervention to 72.4% ~ 87.8% after intervention (P <0.01). The occupational health knowledge, attitude and behaviors of spray painters changed correctly The rate increased from 5.8% ~ 11.6% before intervention to 60.0% ~ 69.9% after intervention (P <0.01). The concentrations of benzene and homologues in the air of the three toy factories decreased year by year. The occupational health examination rates of workers before and during their posts have been increasing year by year. Conclusion “participatory ” health education and health promotion model is of great significance to improve the self-protection awareness of workers, to develop good health habits and reduce the occurrence of occupational hazards of benzene and homologues.