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墨西哥的地震活动性主要与该地区的现代地质构造有关。地震最为活跃的地区是： 墨西哥南部从地表到地下２５０ ｋｍ 深处， 在这里， 里韦拉板块向北美板块下俯冲， 科科斯板块向北美板块和加勒比板块下俯冲。与该消减带有关的海底构造是墨西哥太平洋沿岸近海的中美洲海沟。太平洋－北美板块边界是引起墨西哥地震活动的另一个主要原因。沿该边界观测到扩张和走滑特征。在墨西哥西北部的下加利福尼亚， 右旋位移导致了活动走滑断层的形成， 这些断层组成了加利福尼亚圣安德烈斯断层系的向南延伸部分。加利福尼亚湾的地震活动发生在由短距离扩张中心所抵消的转换断层上。再往南， 太平洋板块和里韦拉板块被太平洋里韦拉海丘和一条转换断层所隔开。地球物理研究所的地震研究工作由地震与火山研究室和国家地震局承担。国家地震局的任务包括：管理固定的标准、宽频带台网； 维护便携式宽频带地震仪； 为政府、公众和个人测定地震的位置和震级； 出版《地震通报》； 承担与国际地震中心联络的任务。地震与火山研究室对墨西哥的地震活动性、地质构造和震源等领域进行研究。其他方面的研究包括火山地震学、海洋地球物理学和地球深部构造。该研究室还负责向联邦政府报告有关地震和火山危险性的问题。
The seismicity in Mexico is mainly related to the modern geological structure in the area. The quake-hit areas are: southern Mexico, 250 km below ground surface, where the Rivera plate subducts beneath the North American plate and the Cocos plate subducts below the North American plate and the Caribbean plate. The submarine structure associated with the abatement zone is the Central American trench off the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Mexico. The Pacific-North American plate boundary is another major cause of seismic activity in Mexico. Expansion and strike-slip characteristics were observed along the boundary. In Baja California, northwestern Mexico, dextral displacements led to the formation of active strike-slip faults that formed the southern extension of the San Andreas fault system in California. Seismic activity in the Gulf of California occurred on a transition fault that was offset by a short distance expansion center. Further south, the Pacific and Rivera plates are separated by the Pacific Rivera and a conversion fault. Earthquake Research Institute of Geophysics by the Earthquake and Volcano Research Office and the State Seismological Bureau commitment. The tasks of the State Seismological Bureau include: the management of fixed standards and wideband networks; the maintenance of portable broadband seismometers; the determination of the location and magnitude of earthquakes for government, the public and individuals; the publication of the “Earthquake Bulletin”; the commitment to liaise with the International Seismological Center task. The Earthquake and Volcano Research Unit studies the seismic activity, geologic structure and source of the earthquake in Mexico. Other areas of research include volcanology, marine geophysics and Earth's deep structure. The lab is also responsible for reporting to the federal government on the dangers of earthquakes and volcanoes.