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地方志书的性质,是指地方志书本身所固有的本质特性,是方志学全部理论的基石。历史上,方志界对地方志书的性质形成有多种说法。至清代,形成以戴震“志以考地理”为代表的地理书说和以章学诚“志属史体”为代表的历史书说。随后又有史地两性说、资料书说、地情书说、资料性著述说等等。直到2006年5月18日国务院颁布《地方志工作条例》,才确定地方志书是一种资料性文献。从这个定义可知:地方志书是记述本行政区域的事物,具有地方性;是完整反映一个区域自然、政治、经济、文化和社会等方面的事物,具有资料性;是记述一个时期的历史与现状,具有时限性;是一种资料性文献,具有独特性。因此,地方志书应具备地方性、资料性、时限性、独特性四个基本特征。
The nature of local chronicles refers to the intrinsic characteristics inherent in local chronicles, and is the cornerstone of all the theories of chronicles. Historically, there have been many explanations for the formation of local chronicles in the field of local history. To the Qing Dynasty, the formation of a geographical book Dai Zhen “Chi to test geography ” as the representative of the geographical book and to Zhang Xuecheng “Shi Zhi Shi Ti ” as the representative of history books. Then there is the history of both sexes, said the information book, said the love story, information and so on. It was not until 18 May 2006 that the State Council promulgated the “Local Records Working Regulations” that it was confirmed that local history books were an informational literature. From this definition, we can see that local chorography is a thing that records the administrative region and is local; it completely reflects the natural, political, economic, cultural and social aspects of a region and is informative; it describes the history and current status of a period , Is time-bound; it is an informational literature with uniqueness. Therefore, the local history books should possess the four basic characteristics of locality, informational nature, timeliness and uniqueness.