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对鸢尾属12份材料的花粉形态进行了扫描电子显微镜观察。结果显示:(1)白花马蔺和马蔺花粉大小相似,形状、萌发孔、外壁纹饰和网脊形态相同,网脊宽度不同;(2)四川鸢尾、薄叶鸢尾和锐果鸢尾的花粉形状、外壁纹饰和网脊形态相同,均无明显萌发孔,锐果鸢尾花粉较小,表明这3个物种的亲缘关系较近;(3)蝴蝶花和扁竹兰花粉大小基本相同,前者形状为扁球形,后者为近球形;萌发器官、表面纹饰和网脊形态相同,网眼内无颗粒,表明这两物种亲缘关系较近;(4)扇形鸢尾与蝴蝶花和扁竹兰二者相比,在花粉粒大小,表面纹饰均上均有较大差异,表明扇形鸢尾与蝴蝶花和扁竹兰的亲缘关系较远。讨论了鸢尾属5个亚属的花粉形态特征及演化趋势。
The pollen morphology of 12 species of Iris was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that: (1) pollen size was similar to that of pollen of Iris lactea, with the same shape, germination pore, outer wall ornamentation and net ridge morphology, and different web width; (2) pollen shape of Iris indicus, , The outer wall ornamentation and the same shape of the net ridge, no obvious germination holes, Iris small iris pollen, indicating that the three species are relatively close; (3) the size of the butterfly and flat bamboo pollen basically the same, the former shape Spheroidal, the latter is nearly spherical; germination organs, surface ornamentation and mesh ridge morphology, no particles within the mesh, indicating that the two species are relatively close relationship; (4) Fan-shaped Iris and Pansy compared to both , There is a big difference in pollen grain size and surface ornamentation, which indicates that the relatives of fan-shaped iris and floret and flat bamboo are far. Pollen morphology and evolution of five subgenuses of Iris were discussed.