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生物技术,又称生物工程,是利用生物学过程进行工业、农业、医药及其它行业生产的一门科学技术,它是生物科学最新成就与工程技术相结合的产物。一般认为,它包括基因工程(DNA重组)、细胞工程(杂交瘤技术、植物细胞、组织培养和体细胞杂交)、酶工程(利用酶将一种物质转化为另一种物质)和发酵工程(利用微生物将各种原料转化为不同的产品)等四个方面。生物技术自七十年代崛起以来,发展非常迅速,现已成为新技术革命的重要组成部分。国外学者预言,生物技术对人类今后的经济和生产活动将产生重大影响,在农业上将导致一
Biotechnology, also known as bioengineering, is a science and technology that takes advantage of biological processes for the production of industry, agriculture, medicine and other industries. It is the product of a combination of the latest achievements in biological sciences and engineering. It is generally accepted that it includes genetic engineering (DNA recombination), cell engineering (hybridoma technology, plant cells, tissue culture and somatic hybridization), enzyme engineering (using enzymes to convert one substance to another substance) and fermentation engineering The use of microorganisms will be a variety of raw materials into different products) and other four areas. Since its rise in the seventies, biotechnology has developed very rapidly and has now become an important part of the new technological revolution. Foreign scholars predict that biotechnology will have a significant impact on the future economic and productive activities of mankind and that agriculture will result in a