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目的 分析宿州市2012~2015年手足口病流行趋势和特征,为制订宿州市手足口病防控方案及临床治疗提供科学依据。方法 采用Real-time RT-PCR方法检测肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)的特异性核酸。结果 共检测1286例手足口病临床诊断病例标本,肠道病毒核酸总阳性520例,总阳性率40.4%。2012~2015年宿州市监测样本肠道病毒阳性率分别为32.4%,31.9%,59.2%、42.0%。EV71总阳性数189例,阳性率14.7%,2012~2015年样本EV71阳性率分别为13.0%、22.7%、13.1%、10.8%。Cox A16总阳性数169例,阳性率13.1%,2012~2015年样本Cox A16阳性率分别为14.2%、0、28.6%、7.7%。其他肠道病毒162例,总阳性率12.6%,2012~2015年样本其他肠道病毒阳性率分别为5.2%、8.8%、12.2%、23.5%。阳性病例男女比为1.7:1,男女病例的阳性率分别为41.0%(331/808)和39..3%(188/478)。各县区病例样本阳性检出率有显著性差异(x2=34.229,P<0.05)。结论 宿州市手足病主要流行病原2012年以肠道病毒EV71和cox A16为主要病原体,2013年以EV71为绝对优势流行病原,2014年以Cox A16为优势流行病原,2015年主要以除EV71和cox A16以外的其他肠道病毒为主。2012~2015年其他肠道病毒阳性检出率呈上升趋势。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trends and characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Suzhou City from 2012 to 2015, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures and clinical treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease in Suzhou City. Methods The specific nucleic acids of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Cox A16 were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. Results A total of 1286 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were detected in clinical diagnosis of specimens, total positive of enterovirus nucleic acid 520 cases, the total positive rate of 40.4%. The positive rates of enterovirus in monitoring samples from 2012 to 2015 in Suzhou were 32.4%, 31.9%, 59.2% and 42.0% respectively. The total positive number of EV71 was 189 cases, the positive rate was 14.7%. The positive rates of EV71 from 2012 to 2015 were 13.0%, 22.7%, 13.1% and 10.8% respectively. The total positive number of Cox A16 was 169, with a positive rate of 13.1%. The positive rates of Cox A16 from 2012 to 2015 were 14.2%, 0,28.6% and 7.7%, respectively. 162 cases of other enterovirus, the total positive rate of 12.6%, 2012-2015 samples of other enterovirus positive rates were 5.2%, 8.8%, 12.2%, 23.5%. The positive ratio of male to female was 1.7: 1. The positive rates of male and female were 41.0% (331/808) and 39.3% (188/478) respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive rate of cases in each county (x2 = 34.229, P <0.05). Conclusion The main pathogen of cholera in Suzhou City in 2012 was enterovirus EV71 and cox A16 as the main pathogen. In 2013 EV71 was the predominant epidemic pathogen. In 2014, Cox A16 was the dominant epidemic pathogen. In 2015, EV71 and cox A16 other than the main enterovirus. The positive rates of other enterovirus infections from 2012 to 2015 are on the rise.