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目的利用超声生物显微镜(UBM)初步探讨青少年挫伤性近视的发病机制。方法随机选取伤后表现为近视患者24例26眼,分别在急性期(伤后3d内)和恢复期(伤后2星期)测量屈光度、晶体厚度,UBM检测角膜厚度、前房轴深、小梁睫状突距离(TCPD)、A角、睫状突的高度(T值)。同时对20眼正常对照组进行2次上述测量,间隔15d。结果近视度随眼挫伤的好转而下降;晶体厚度、前房轴深、小梁睫状突距离(TCPD)、A角、睫状突的高度(T值)在急性期和恢复期差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而角膜厚度无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论睫状肌痉挛,前房变浅,晶体变凸是青少年挫伤性近视的共同机制。而睫状突肿胀、睫状体位置的改变是导致前房变浅、晶体变凸的原发因素。UBM可精确测定反映睫状突位置和高度的变化,对定量测量挫伤性近视的形态变化,具有重要的临床价值。
Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of contusion myopia in adolescents by using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods Twenty-six patients (26 eyes) with myopia were randomly selected. The diopter, the thickness of the cornea, the corneal thickness measured by UBM, the axial depth of the anterior chamber and the diameter of the anterior chamber were measured in the acute phase (within 3 days after injury) and in the recovery phase (2 weeks after the injury) Beam Ciliary process distance (TCPD), angle A, ciliary process height (T value). At the same time on the 20 normal control group 2 times the above measurement interval 15d. Results The degree of myopia decreased with the improvement of eye contusion. There was statistical difference between the thickness of the anterior chamber, the depth of the anterior chamber, the distance of TCPD, angle A and height of ciliary process (T) in acute and convalescent periods (P <0.05), while there was no significant change in corneal thickness (P> 0.05). Conclusions Ciliary muscle spasm, shallow anterior chamber, and lens degeneration are the common mechanisms of juvenile contusion myopia. The ciliary swelling, changes in ciliary body position is leading to shallow anterior chamber, the main cause of the lens becomes convex. UBM can accurately measure changes in the position and height of the ciliary process, quantitative measurement of morphological changes of contusion myopia, has important clinical value.