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苦瓜,又名凉瓜、锦荔枝、癞瓜。原产热带或亚热带,喜高温高湿,不耐寒,对光照、土壤、肥料要求不太严格,病虫害较少,易栽培。目前我国南方栽培普遍。其营养丰富,维C含量比番茄高6倍,有一定药用价值。苦瓜属葫芦科,一年生攀援草本,根系发达,喜湿润但不耐浸,果实为仿缍形或圆锥形,皮色为绿、绿白或浓绿,果面有瘤状突起,成熟时为橙黄色,可自行开裂。其栽培措施如下: 1.播种华北一带可于3月下旬到4月上旬育苗,苗龄约一个月定植。行距0.7—0.8米,株距0.2米。早春结合耕翻,亩施厩肥1200—2000公斤,磷肥30—50公斤,草木灰100—150公斤。
Bitter gourd, also known as Lianggua, Jin litchi, gourd melon. Native tropical or subtropical hi like high temperature and humidity, not cold, light, soil, fertilizer requirements are not strict, fewer pests and diseases, easy to cultivate. At present, cultivation in South China is widespread. Its nutrient-rich, Victoria C content 6 times higher than tomatoes, there is a certain medicinal value. Bitter gourd is a family of gourd family. The annual herbaceous climber has developed root system, but it is moist but not resistant to soaking. The fruit is imitation bang or conical, the skin color is green, green and white or dark green, the surface has nodular processes and orange-yellow when mature , Can be self-cracking. The cultivation measures are as follows: 1 sowing in northern China in late March to early April nursery, seedling age of about a month planting. Row spacing 0.7-0.8 meters, spacing 0.2 meters. Combination of plowing in early spring, Mushi Shi manure 1200-2000 kg, phosphate fertilizer 30-50 kg, plant ash 100-150 kg.